
Since the 1990s, the idea of replacing the income tax with a national sales tax has been floated in the United States; many of the actual proposals would include giving each household an annual rebate, paid in monthly installments, equivalent to the percentage of the tax (which varies from 15% to 23% in most cases) multiplied by the poverty level based on the number of persons in the household, in an effort to create a progressive effect on consumption. While many political observers consider the chances remote for such a change, the FairTax Act has attracted more cosponsors than any other fundamental tax reform bill introduced in the House of Representatives.
Determination of ways to legally reduce the amount of tax due on a transaction. For instance, how a company structures its invoices can affect the taxability of the entire transaction. In many states an item can become taxable if not separately stated on the invoice.
LOS ANGELES (Reuters) –
Adam Lambert knows how to shock, how to sing and how it feels to "lose" TV's top singing competition.
But what the "American Idol" runner-up is not so sure about is how fans will take to his debut album now that he's performing original material rather than wowing viewers each week with his unusual take on established classics.
And, yes, now that he's gone public about being gay.
A little bit glam rock, some classic rock, touches of kitsch, commercial pop, '70s and '80s throwbacks, and a power ballad -- Lambert says his new "For Your Entertainment", released on Nov 23, has something for everyone.
"The album title sums it up. It's not for me, it's for the people who are listening to it," Lambert told Reuters.
"We tried to nod to all that glam classic rock while creating a variety of different music. But at the same time I wanted to make music that was really modern and current and poppy too. I love commercial pop music," he said.
Nicknamed "Glambert," the 27 year-old Californian's vocal powers and flair for showmanship led Entertainment Weekly to call him "most exciting 'American Idol' contestant in years".
But the former musical theater performer, who brought male eyeliner and black nail polish into millions of American homes during the TV show six months ago, knows he has to prove himself all over again.
"On 'Idol' you are singing songs that people already like, so it allows them to really listen to your voice and your interpretation. But as an original recording artist, you are doing music that nobody knows yet and you have to convince them to like it.
"This is a huge step. This is the first big chance I am taking as far as the career I want to be in," he said.
TEAMING UP FOR "ENTERTAINMENT"
Lambert co-wrote four of the 14 tracks on the album and teamed up with some of the hottest artists and producers in the music industry, including Lady Gaga, Pink and "Idol" judge and songwriter Kara Dioguardi.
The title single "For Your Entertainment", released three weeks ago, was No. 68 on the iTunes top 100 on November 17. The album also includes Lambert's "Time For Miracles," the theme song for the blockbuster disaster movie "2012".
The album cover already has people talking. Lambert describes it as a striking, alien-like pose that chimed with his own attraction to the camp, androgynous vibe of singers like David Bowie in the 1980s.
It's the kind of look that split America in half when viewers voted Kris Allen from Arkansas their "American Idol" in May over Lambert, who was widely considered the front runner.
"We had divided the country up a bit morally, and socially. I was the left of center wild child and Kris was the everyman who is really charming, appealing and accessible. So I knew we were total polar opposites," Lambert recalled.
Lambert waited until after the end of the contest to state publicly that he was gay, and proud of his sexuality. "I wanted the focus to be my voice and my entertainment, not my (sexual) preference," he explained.
"Eyeliner and nail polish isn't gay. It's just eyeliner and nail polish. In fact, most of the musicians I know who rock that look happen to be straight. People need to open their eyes up to what it all really is. So gay/straight -- it's really not about that. It's about music and style. It's not about preference," he added.
Lambert launches his album with a string of U.S. media appearances and will perform live at the American Music Awards on Nov 22.
Next year he hopes to go on tour ("Something that is really exciting and theatrical and massively entertaining") and said he would love to branch out beyond North America to tour in Europe, Japan and Australia.
(Editing by Bob Tourtellotte)
ST. CLAIRSVILLE, Ohio – A paparazzo has testified that an Ohio police chief told him he had access to ultrasound photographs belonging to the woman who carried twins for Sarah Jessica Parker and Matthew Broderick.
Justin Steffman of New York testified Tuesday in the trial of Barry Carpenter, the suspended chief of Martins Ferry, where surrogate Michelle Ross lived. Carpenter and Police Chief Chad Dojack from nearby Bridgeport are accused of scheming to sell items from Ross' home.
A special prosecutor has said Carpenter entered Ross' home in May and removed items that identified her as the surrogate.
Steffman says Dojack offered to sell him the surrogate's address and contact information for $1,000. He says Carpenter said he had access to the plaster cast and ultrasound photos.
Dojack faces trial in January.
iTunes' top 10 selling singles and albums of the week ending Nov. 9, 2009:
Singles:
1. "Fireflies," Owl City
2. "Need You Now," Lady Antebellum
3. "Replay," Iyaz
4. "Bad Romance," Lady Gaga
5. "Tik Tok," Ke$ha
6. "Empire State of Mind (feat. Alicia Keys)," Jay-Z
7. "Party in the USA," Miley Cyrus
8. "3," Britney Spears
9. "Whatcha Say," Jason DeRulo
10. "Russian Roulette," Rihanna
Albums:
1. "Before I Self Destruct," 50 cent
2. "Glee - The Music, Vol. 1," Glee Cast
3. "Play On," Carrie Underwood
4. "The Circle," Bon Jovi
5. "Attention Deficit," Wale
6. "Hello Hurricane," Switchfoot
7. "Memento Mori," Flyleaf
8. "Alter the Ending," Dashboard Confessional
9. "Ocean Eyes," Owl City
10. "Fearless," Taylor Swift

However, the remaining vast tracts of unsettled land were often used as a commons, or, in the American west, "open range." As degradation of habitat developed due to overgrazing and a tragedy of the commons situation arose, common areas began to either be allocated to individual landowners via mechanisms such as the Homestead Act and Desert Land Act and fenced in, or, if kept in public hands, leased to individual users for limited purposes, with fences built to separate tracts of public and private land.
Distinctly different land ownership and fencing patterns arose in the eastern and western United States. Original fence laws on the east coast were based on the British common law system, and rapidly increasing population quickly resulted in laws requiring livestock to be fenced in. In the west, land ownership patterns and policies reflected a strong influence of Spanish law and tradition, plus the vast land area involved made extensive fencing impractical until mandated by a growing population and conflicts between landowners.
PRAGUE – With their country in deep political crisis, Czechs took to the streets throughout the country Tuesday to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the end of decades of repressive communist rule.
They will celebrate with exhibitions, concerts, speeches and rallies. Thousands of people in the capital, Prague, plan to participate in a reenactment of a student protest — an evocation of the event that triggered the Velvet Revolution that peacefully toppled the communist regime in what was then Czechoslovakia.
Nov. 17, 1989, began with fiery speeches at a university campus in Prague, inspiring thousands of students to march downtown toward Wenceslas Square. As darkness fell, police cracked down hard, beating demonstrators with truncheons and injuring hundreds in the melee.
Uncowed, the crowds mushroomed in the ensuing days, with demonstrators chanting: "You have lost already!"
They were right. Following the collapse of the Berlin Wall and communism in the region, by Dec. 10, Czechoslovakia had a new government. On Dec. 29, Vaclav Havel, a dissident playwright who had spent several years in prison, was elected the country's first democratic president in a half century by a parliament still dominated by communist hard-liners.
On Tuesday, Havel, President Vaclav Klaus and Prime Minister Jan Fischer, joined hundreds of people laying flowers and lighting candles at a monument marking the site of the brutal clash.
"The demonstration, the march set the history into motion," said Havel, who was applauded by the surrounding crowd.
Earlier Tuesday he praised the memory of those who helped overthrow the repressive regime, naming dozens including his late wife Olga.
"We often tend to forget our fellow colleagues, friends, and the open-minded people in everyday life," Havel told the Czech Senate.
The peaceful nature of the historic change and the leading role of Havel were praised by many.
"Your spirit, your courage inspired the world," U.S. President Barack Obama said in a video message broadcast at a concert organized by Havel over the weekend, featuring rocker Lou Reed, soprano Renee Fleming and folk singer Joan Baez.
"You are the model," Vice President Joe Biden said during his recent visit to Prague.
"As I travel through Eastern Europe — as I travel to Ukraine and Georgia and other places, you are the model for democracy that they look to," he said.
A survey by the Pew Global Attitudes Project showed that, of nine post-communist countries, only in the Czech Republic and Poland did a majority say that people were better off than they were at the transition from communism.
The Czech Republic is now a member of NATO and the European Union.
But the euphoria of revolutionary days is long gone.
Besides the economic downturn, the country has been in political limbo since the government of Prime Minister Mirek Topolanek was embarrassingly ousted in a parliamentary no-confidence vote in March in the middle of the Czech EU presidency, just days before Obama's visit to Prague.
Havel said Tuesday he was concerned about "a loss of trust in politics, the gap between the public and the politicians."
Havel said his nation of 10 million is still on the right track, enjoying a democratic society with the rule of law, respect for human rights and a free-market economy.
Eighty-eight percent of Czechs say they are not satisfied with the current political situation, a recent public poll showed. The Median agency surveyed 1,374 people aged 18 and older questioned in September and October. The poll had a margin of error of plus or minus three percentage points.
"People have a reason to be dissatisfied," said Bohumil Dolezal, a political analyst.
"The political situation has been unstable for a long time," he said.
Currently, the country has a weak, caretaker government; a new government will be formed only after general elections in May.
Still, Dolezal said "we've got something to celebrate," because for most the revolution "was an unprecedentedly positive change in our lives."
Simon Panek, a student leader in 1989, said most people might be disgusted by politics, but "20 years ago we gained the essential thing: freedom."
Havel recently warned that democracy and freedom could not be taken for granted.
"The era of dictatorships and totalitarian systems has not come to en end," he said. "It may have ended in its classical way as we know it from the 20th century, but new, much more sophisticated ways of controlling the society are being born and we need to be cautious," Havel said.
Ten years ago, Havel, as president, honored former President George H.W. Bush, former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Poland's 1980s pro-democracy leader, Lech Walesa, at the Prague Castle for their contributions to the fall of communism.
This time, only heads of Eastern European parliaments will participate in a conference in the Senate.
Organizers of the re-enactment of the student rally said they invited more than 800 original participants, as well anti-Communist dissidents — but no politicians other than Havel.
"We do it for normal people," said Michal Pokorny, an organizer. "It's a great anniversary but we wanted a nonpolitical celebration."
(This version CORRECTS date of new government to Dec 10)
NEW YORK – A Chapter 11 filing usually means the end of the road for financial companies since they rely so heavily on customer trust. CIT Group Inc. is hoping that its case will be different.
The commercial lender's trip through bankruptcy reorganization may well be speedy given that it's already reached agreements with creditors on restructuring its debt. But the real test will come from CIT customers, who could decide to take their business elsewhere.
"Their image is tarnished right now," said Len Blum, a managing partner at investment bank Westwood Capital. "They have an uphill climb because they are only worth the value of the portfolio," Blum said of CIT's pool of loans it has extended to customers.
Just as a bank would fail if all of its depositors tried to get money out at the same time, CIT wouldn't be able to survive if too many of its customers close their accounts. Some have already been pulling their business in recent months as CIT struggled for survival, but it's still too early to know how many will remain.
CIT is one of the nation's biggest lenders to small and mid-sized businesses, providing financing to a large array of businesses including retailers, energy companies, a small movie studio, and operators of Dunkin' Donuts stores.
One factor playing in CIT's favor is that tight lending conditions would make it tough for customers who wanted to leave. CIT also provides specialized types financing services that relatively few competitors offer.
"Without many alternatives in place, and an environment of risk adversity, they still have a place in the market," said Scott Stuart, a senior managing director of bankruptcy management services firm Donlin Recano & Co.
Even with those advantages, analysts say it's still anyone's guess whether CIT can pull it off.
"The reputational risk is significant," said Hal Reichwald, co-chair of the banking and specialty finance practice group at the law firm Manatt, Phelps & Phillips LLP. "Ultimately that will result in a much smaller company."
CIT filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection Sunday in New York after teetering on the brink of collapse for months. The company ran into trouble as rising costs to finance its operations outpaced the money it took in from providing loans. The pre-arranged bankruptcy plan with creditors will reduce its debt by about $10 billion.
The government gave CIT $2.3 billion last fall as part of a rescue of other banks and lenders, though there is now little hope of that money being recovered. CIT's stockholders would also be wiped out under the reorganization plan. The government declined a subsequent plea this summer for more even funds from CIT after concluding that any fallout from a possible collapse of the lender would be manageable.
CIT, one of the largest lenders to the retail industry, serves 2,000 vendors that supply merchandise to 300,000 stores, according to Craig Shearman, spokesman at the National Retail Federation. Analysts say 60 percent of the apparel industry depends on CIT for financing, so other lenders taking up all the slack would pose a big financial strain.
"Everyone is pulling for CIT to get by," said Michael Cipriani, senior vice president of Rosenthal & Rosenthal, a rival of CIT. "It would be devastating to see something like this fail."
Rosenthal & Rosenthal has picked up more than 100 CIT clients, whose agreements were up for renewal, since this past summer when the lender's problems flared up.
"We haven't slowed down one bit. The phones keep ringing," added Cipriani, noting that he's had to turn down a number of prospects.
While some borrowers jump ship, others are trying to ride out the storm.
Allen Schwartz, founder and design director of trendy fashion company A.B.S. Allen B. Schwartz, which has used CIT for 25 years to help finance the buying of fabrics and other operations, said that he's not seeking alternative funding right now.
"I am staying put," Schwartz said. "I am concerned about it. I am keeping my antenna up. I hope they pull out of it."
While CIT's bankruptcy adds more uncertainty to the retail industry, the timing could have been much worse. Mallory Duncan, senior vice president and general counsel at the National Retail Federation said the industry "dodged a bullet" because the bulk of the holiday merchandise is now out on stores' floors. However, there still could be some snafus with holiday reorders, analysts said.
Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner acknowledged that disruptions like CIT's Chapter 11 filing could create problems for small businesses trying to participate in an economic recovery. In an interview Sunday on NBC's "Meet the Press," Geithner said that while credit is flowing for large corporations, small businesses still "face a really tough environment on the financing side, and we need to keep working to try to open up credit to them."
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AP Business Writer Daniel Wagner in Washington and AP Retail Writer Anne D'Innocenzio in New York contributed to this report.